762 HORSE NUTRITION

Type the letter of your answer in the numbered box that matches the number of the question on your test. the numbered box is ABOVE the question.

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Are the following statements True or False?

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1. Because the horse's top jaw is wider than the bottom jaw, horses often
develop sharp points on the molar teeth.

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2. High protein rations cause kidney damage in horses.

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3. The horse's stomach is small in relation to the size of the animal.

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4. Horses cannot vomit so gas build-up in the stomach may cause it to rupture.

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5. A horse being worked regularly needs a higher percent of protein in the
ration.

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6. Under normal feeding programs with good quality feed, horses do not need
extra vitamins added to their feed.

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7. Good quality roughage can meet the needs of most mature idle horses.

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8. Oats contain more energy than an equal volume of corn.

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9. Hay is higher in nutritional value after it has bloomed.

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10. Yearlings need more protein than mature horses.

Fill in the blank with the correct answer.

Type the letter of your answer in the numbered box

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11. The major organ of digestion is the _____.
      A. stomach
      B. small intestine
      C. cecum

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12. It takes _____ week(s) to develop a microbial population in the cecum to digest a
       new feed.
      A. 1
      B. 2
      C. 3

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13. If a horse doesn't get enough _____, he is likely to colic due to impaction.
      A. water
      B. exercise
      C. roughage

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14. Protein needs are highest for _____.
     A. race horses
     B. foals and lactating mares
     C. mature horses

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15. _____ provide the most energy per pound.
      A. Carbohydrates
      B. Protein
      C. Fats

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16. A ration containing a calcium to phosphorus ratio of _____ is ideal for horses.
      A. 1.1 - 2.0 parts calcium to 1.0 parts phosphorus
      B. 2.0 parts calcium to 1.0 parts phosphorus
      C. 2.0 parts calcium to 3.0 parts phosphorus

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17. _____ should be offered free choice at all times (except when the horse is overheated and no             longer working).
      A. water and hay
      B. water and salt
      C. water and chelated minerals

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18. Ohio soil is deficient in trace minerals _____ so hay grown here may be as well.
      A. iodine, selenium, copper and zinc
      B. potassium, magnesium, copper and selenium
      C. sulfur, manganese, selenium and iron

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19. Hay over 6 months old is deficient in _____.
      A. vitamin D
     B. vitamin K
      C. vitamin A

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20. _____ is a protein supplement.
      A. soybean oil meal
      B. vegetable oil
      C. silage

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21. Endophyte-infected _____ fed during the last 90 days of gestation can cause foal
       death at birth or reduced milk production.
      A. fescue
      B. alfalfa
      C. timothy

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22. Hay should not be fed for _____ weeks after baling.
      A. 1 - 2
      B. 3 - 4
      C. 6 - 8

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23. During gestation, a mare may be fed and used like a nonpregnant mare until the _____ month.
     A. 5th
      B. 7th
      C. 9th

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24. Creep feeds for foals should contain at least _____% protein.
      A. 10
      B. 12
      C. 16

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25. Overeating by a foal can cause _____.
     A. colic
     B. ruptured stomach
     C. both A and B

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26. A mare's milk produced during the first 24 hrs. after foaling that contains antibodies
       that the foal needs to protect him from disease is called _____.
      A. wax
      B. colostrum
      C. serum

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27. A feed ration should be at least _____% roughage.
      A. 25
      B. 50
      C. 75

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28. When a horse is in proper weight, you can feel but not see his _____.
      A. ribs
      B. spinous processes
      C. hip bones

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29. Hay digestibility and nutritional value _____ with maturity.
      A. increase
      B. decrease
      C. stay the same

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30. The leaves of wild cherry trees and red maple trees are _____.
       A. highly toxic
       B. lethal
       C. both A and B

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31. Blister beetles are found in _____ and can cause death if eaten by a horse.
      A. corn
      B. alfalfa
      C. timothy

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32. Most of the protein and nutrients that are highly digestible are found in the _____ of
      the hay.
      A. seed heads
      B. stems
      C. leaves

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33. Legumes are generally _____ in protein content as compared to grass hays.
      A. lower
      B. the same
      C. higher

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34. In general, it takes _____ pounds of green forage (pasture) to provide the same
       amount of nutrients found in 1 pound of dried forage.
      A. 1/2
      B. 1
      C. 3

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35. _____ horses are less exercise- and heat-tolerant and are more prone to founder.
      A. underweight
      B. obese
      C. old

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36. The main sources of energy in the diet are _____.
      A. protein and carbohydrates
      B. fats and carbohydrates
      C. protein and fats

Are the following
grass roughage (G) or
legume roughage (L)?

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37. ________ alfalfa

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38. _______ fescue

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39. ________ timothy

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40. ________ clover

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